Combustion device.



S. W. FARR.

COMBUSTION DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 6, 19m.

Patented. Apr. 20, 1915.

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SAMUEL W. FARE, OF URBANA, ILLINOIS.

ooiun'os'rron nnvrcn.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL W. Palm a llr-' and preferably consists of an alloy concitizon of the United States, residing at bana, county of Champaign, Stateof Illinois, have invented certain new and'useful Improvements in Combustion Devices; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

In all calorimetric work on coals, the sulfur must be'determined because of the correction factor involved. This can be done from the fusion obtained in the regular calorimetric process, but it sometimes happens, as for the sake of speed, that a second workman wishes to make sulfur determinations only.

It is the object of the present invention to provide an apparatus wherein combustion of a fuel may be carried on under proper conditions of combustion to yield a fusion which subsequently can be dissolved in water for sulfur manner. With this apparatus no attempt is made to measure the heat of combustion,

and, primarily, the aim is to bring about complete combustion under conditions comparable to that taking place in a calorimeter, so that sulfur determinations can be made quickly and independent of calorimetric measurements, but as auxiliary thereto when desired.

To carry out the foregoing objects, ll make use of a combustion chamber which can be closely sealed and wherein the combustible charge can be ignited by merely heating.

the wall of the chamber, as from an external flame, and the apparatus is so oonstituted that bustion chamber can be immersed in water to secure quick transference of the heat and to prevent abnormal heating of the combustion chamber and its associated parts.

The details of my invention will be made clear by the following description, which is to be taken in conjunciton with the accompanying drawings, wherein,

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation through the bomb, a part of the cover being shown in full; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the complete bomb; and Fig. 3 is a sectional plan on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1, a portion of the gasket and of the underlying flange being broken away to'expose the parts below.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed May a, 1e14,

determinations in usualafter combustion begins, the com- Patentedl Apr. 2d, 1915. serial No. aaaeaa taming about 3 per cent. nickel and 70 per cent. 1ron.' Near its upper end this combustion chamber has a shoulder 2 and an outwardly extending flange 3, the upper face of which forms a broad, horizontal surface for the reception of a gasket 4, preferably of rubber. Surrounding the combust on chamber but spaced therefrom by an air gap 5 is a hell 6, the lower portion 7 of which is of octagonal form for engagement with a wrench, and the middle portion of which 18 enlarged and screw-threaded. The upper part of hell 6 fits snugly against shoulder 2, and a notch or offset is provided to receive flange 3, leaving an annular tongue 8 at the extreme upper edge of the bell contacting with rubber gasket 4 and lying flush with the upper edge of the combustion chamber 1. A cover 9, provided with a knurled hand-grip l0, fits down Within the cylindrical opening of combustion chamber 1 far enough to protect-the rubber gasket from destruction by the combustible charge, and has an annular recess in which that gasket is seated. The outer .edge 11 of the cover overlaps the annular tongue 8 of the bell 6, preventing the rubber gasket from squeezing out laterally and assisting in maintaining a gas tight seal for the combustion chamber. A collar 12 overlaps the top of the cover and is in threaded engagement with bell 6. This collar may be provided with an octagonal wrench seat, as shown inxFi 2, so that when the bell is held with a wrench, or in a bench socket, the collar can be'screwed down to bind all the partstogether with a tight joint.

With the arrangement above described, the lower part of the combustion chamber, approximately its lower half, is completely exposed below the enveloping bell, and is accessible for heating or cooling as occasion may require.

The combustible mixture to be used in this bomb may vary with the character of the work at hand, but the apparatus has proved of value for elfecting combustion of coal accordin to the process of my Patent No. 700,555, issued May 20, 1902.

Starting with a combustible mixture of, say, grin. of coal ground to to 100 mesh, 10 grins. of sodium peroxid of standard strength, and 1 grm. of potassium chlorate,

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K010 to serve as an accelerator, the bomb is sealed up as shown in Fig. 1, and the combustible mixture thoroughly shaken to insure uniformity. Then, if the bomb be held over the tip of a burner, the heat transferred through the alloy combustion chamber will serve to ignite the mixture in the chamber. This is shown by, the exposed part of the cup turning a dull red, due to the heat. The cup is then immersed in water to effect quick heat transference comparable to that of a calorimeter, and this cooling prevents decomposition of the rubber gasket through conduction of heat to it through the metal parts. As soon as the bomb is cooled down it may be opened for removal of the alkaline fusion resulting from combustion of the coal, and it will be found that the combustion has been complete and satisfactory and that the fusion is in condition to go into solution in water, and that the sulfur can then very readily be determined in the usual manner. Although the sulfur determination as thus carried on is independent of any calorimetric measurements, the combustion is effected in satisfactory manner, and under such conditions that the results are reliable and can be used as correction factors in the calorimetric determination itself.

The apparatus above described is also of service in making combustions of soils to determine the amount of carbonaceous matter in the soil, or for making determinations of phosphorus in coke as will be readily understood.

1 claim:

1. In an apparatus for combustion determinations, a combustion chamber, means for sealing said combustion chamber with a rubber gasket while protecting the rubber from direct contact with the heated products of combustion, the lower portion of said combustion chamber being uncovered and accessible for ignition purposes, and the upper portion of the body of said combustion chamber being covered with a bell but accessible for contact with a cooling fluid when the apparatus is introduced therein after combustion has been initiated in the combustion chamber; substantially as described.

2. In an apparatus for combustion determinations, the combination of a combustion chamber, a bell secured to the upper edge thereof and spaced from the body portion of the combustion chamber by a narrow air gap, the bell being shorter than the combustion chamber to leave the lower portion of the latter accessible for heating and cooling, a cap fitting down into said combustion chamber and having an annular recess, a gasket in said recess serving as a gas-tight closure for said combustion chamber, and a collaroverlapping said cover and threaded to said bell, said collar and bell having wrench seats whereby they may be screwed together to seal the combustion chamber; substantially as described.

3. A combustion apparatus, comprising a combustion chamber having at its top a shoulder and an outstanding flange, a cylindrical bell fitted against said shoulder and receiving said flange, a cover fitted to said combustion chamber and provided with a gasket protected by a part of said cover from direct contact with the products of combustion within the chamber and a cap overlapping said coverand threaded to said bell, said cap and bell having wrench seats and the bell being short enough to leave exposed the lower portion of said combustion chamber so that a combustible mixture therein may be ignited by the application of a flame to the Wall of the combustion chamber.

4. In a combustion apparatus, the combination of a combustion chamber having at its top an outstanding flange, a cylindrical bell receiving said flange and enveloping approximately the upper half of said combustion chamber with a narrow air gap intervening and leaving the lower portion of said combustion chamber uncovered and accestherefrom by an air-gap and leaving the lower portion thereof uncovered and accessible for ignition purposes, an imperforate cover fitting down within said combustion chamber and having an annular recess, a rubber gasket in said recess lying against the upper edge of said combustion chamber, and a cap overlapping the top of the cover and in threaded engagement with said bell to hold the cover in place.

6. A combustion apparatus for sulfur determinations, comprising a combustion chamber having at its top an outstanding flange, a cylindrical bell receiving said annular flange and spaced from the body of the combustion chamber by a narrow airgap, said bell being short enough to leave approximately the lower half of the combustion chamber uncovered and accessible for ignition purposes and for water cooling, an imperforate cover fitting down within said combustion chamber and having an annular recess, a gasket in said recess lying on said annular flange, and a cap overlapping the top of the cover and in threaded engageinseam ment with said bell to hold the cover in place, said cap and bell being provided with Wrench seats whereby they may be screwed together.

7. A combustion apparatus for sulfur determinations, comprising a combustion chamber having at its top an outstanding flange, a cylindrical bell having a recess receiving said flange so that the upper-edge ot the bell is flush with the upper edge of the combustion chamber, said bell being spaced from the body of said combustion chamber by a narrow air-gap and leaving approxi mately the lower half thereoi uncovered and accessible for heating and cooling, an im perforate cover fitting down. within said combustion chamber and having an annular recess, a rubber gasket in said recess'covering the top edges of the combustion chamber and of the bell,and a cap overlapping the top of the cover and secured to said bell to hold the cover in place.

8. A combustion apparatus for sulfur determinations, comprising a combustion chamber" having at its top a shoulder and an outstanding flange, a cylindrical bell shorter than'said combustion chamber and fitting against said shoulder and having a recess receiving said tlange so that the upper edge ot said bell is flush with the upper edge of the combustion chamber, said bell being spaced from the body of said combustion chamber by a narrow air-gap, and leaving the lower portion thereoi uncovered and ac- :r i .I: z q v cessiole or i miti and for subsequent .a P J T i a J? w 4 mg, a cover ntteu to s id combustion c ar tar access r. 9 L L ring the top the la having an determinations, comprising a combustion chamber having at its top a shoulder and an outstanding flange, a cylindrical bell fitting against said shoulder and having a recess receiving said flange so that the upper edge of said bell is flush with the u per edge oi? the combustion chamber, said ell being spaced from the body of said combustion chamber by a narrow air-gap and leaving the lower portion thereof uncovered and accessible for ignition purposes, a cover fitting down within said combustion chamber and having an annular recess, a rubber gasket in saidrecessand covering the top edges of the combustion chamber and oil the bell, and a cap overlapping the top of the cover fastened to said bell J 10. A combustion apparatus, comprising a combustion chamber, having at its top a shoulder and an outstanding flange, a cylindrical bell fitting against said shoulder and having a recess receiving said flange so that the upper edge ofsaid bell is flush with the upper edge of the combustion chamber, said bell being spaced from the body of said combustion chamber by. a narrow air-gap and leaving approximately the lower half thereof uncovered and accessible for ignition purposes, an imperforate cover fitting down within said combustion chamber and having an annular recess, a rubber gasket in said recess and covering the top edges of the combustion chamber and of the bell, the

outer edge of said cover overlap mg the pper ed e or the bell, p ne a n the co with bee. 

